Optimization of bead geometry parameters of bead-on-plate weldments prepared by submerged arc welding using Taguchi Technique

A multi-response optimization problem was developed in search of an optimal parametric combination to yield favorable bead geometry of bead-on-plate weldments produced by submerged arc welding. Taguchi’s L25 orthogonal array design was employed to optimize the results within experimental limits. The objective functions were selected in terms of responses of bead geometry, viz. height of reinforcement, depth of penetration, bead width and distance; as influenced by the process parameters such as welding current, arc voltage, welding speed and nozzle-to-plate distance. On the other hand, the type, width and height of flux, welding wire material and plate thickness were kept constant. Analysis of variance was used to study the significance of the input parameters on the selected responses and the results were confirmed through additional experimentation. Keywords––Orthogonal array; signal-to-noise ratio; Taguchi approach; ANOVA